Variable volume hydraulic pump of the axially oscillating vane type



Nov. 18, 1947. H. S.IJAKOBSENY 2,431,122

VARIABLE VOLUME HYDRAULIC PUMP OF THE AXIALLY OSCILLATING VANE TYPE Filed Jan. 15, 1944 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Tiw- INVENTOR. Wifnesses rr -5- flit-065e,

Nov. 18, 1947. H. s. JAKOBSEN 2,431,122

VARIABLE VOLUME HYDRAULIC PUMP OF THE AXIALLY OSCILLATING VANE TYPE Filed Jan. 15, 1944 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. flL-r'VSHIcEkOZSQm W BY Patented Nov. 18, 1947 VARIABLE VOLUME HYDRAULIC PUMP OF THE AXIALLY OSCILLATING VANE TYPE Harry S. Jakobsen, Harrison, N. 1., ass'ignor to J & S Tool 00., East Orange, N. J., a firm consisting of F. Henry Swenson and Harry S.

J akobsen Application January 15, 1944, Serial No. 518,328

3 Claims. 1

This invention relates to pumps and more particularly to variable volume constant speed hydraulic pumps which may be used either as a pump or as a hydraulic transmission.

An object of the invention is to provide a variable volume and flow pump in which the rotor never moves from its center position and in which the parts at no time are moved off center or run eccentric to another part.

A further object of the invention is to provide a pump which may be used either as a variable volume and flow pump, as a double action variable volume pump, or as a hydraulic transmission in which the flow may be varied or reversed.

A further object of this invention is to provide a hydraulic pump of the type described in which the vanes move laterally in the rotor slots Without the necessity for any springs or other means to keep them in place.

Other objects and advantages of my invention will appear from the drawings and following description.

In the accompanying drawings- Figure 1 is a cross sectional view;

Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view taken on the line 22 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. l but with plates and pressure ring in a different position;

Fig. 4 is an end view of thepressure plate;

Fig. 5 is a detailed view of the pressure plate;

Fig. 6 is a detailed view of the head plate;

Fig. 7 is an end view of the head plate;

Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic View showing the manner in which my pump may be .used as a hydraulic transmission.

My pump includes a rotor l having a shaft H mounted for rotation on suitable bearings in a ball seat 12 formed in two sections I4 and l5. Mounted on the ball seat I2 are two pressure plates l6 and I! with the pressure ring [8 between them. The pressure plates as shown in Figures 4 and are provided with a beveled opening 22 to cooperate with the ball seat. A head plate 19 engages pressure plates and pressure ring and carries the pivot 29 fastened into the pressure ring by means of a pin 2!. Vanes 25 are slidably mounted in the slots 26 of the rotor. Vanes 25 are the full width of the chamber 27 in which the rotor operates and are curved at their inner end 28 to form a tight fit with the hall seat.

The pressure plates are provided with channels 3B, 3!, 32 and 33 and. the head plate is provided with channels 34 and 35. An operating handle 4% is provided to control the position oi is advanced to the forward position. It will be appreciated that in commercial devices many different types of controls could be used to move the pressure plate and pressure ring and to hold it in position and the handle shown is merely for the purposes of illustration.

When the pump is in the neutral position and the rotor turning over no pumping action is produced. However, when the volume control lever is moved to forward position the plates and pressure ring are brought over to the rotor. Since the rotor never moves from its center position the vanes 25 slide through the curved slots 26 of the rotor thus providing suction pockets between the vanes, rings and plates. Although the vanes and the ring move from side to side at no time does any part move off center or run eccentric to another part. The channels are so designed that the vanes pick up fluid from the channel 3! and bring it around to the channel 33 and (it. At the end of the channel 3| the rotor is hearing on the pressure plate 11 so that no fluid passes beyond this point. Consequently all fluid is pumped from the channel 3| and is forced into and out of the channel 33. This fluid may be returned to the pump again after it has done its work through the channel 35 and 32 and back through the channel 30. This side of the pump is not only accepting the return but has the same pumping value as the other side. Thus the fluid is returned through the channel 35 and 32 and out through the channel 30. By moving the lever 41] to the opposite position the flow is reversed and the fluid is taken in through the channel so and pumped out through the channel 32 and 35. Obviously the further the handle is moved in either direction the greater the flow while the nearer it is placed to center the volume is reduced since less space is provided for intake between the vanes thus reducing the volume.

If it is desired to use the pump as a double action pump the channels 30 and 34 are interconnected and the channels 3| and 35. Fluid is then taken in through the channels 3!! and 33 and forced out through the channels BI and 35. Fluid is returned directly to the reservoir and the pump is working on a double action with the capacity double that when used for both forward and reverse. When used as a double action pump the volume can be controlled from zero to maximum capacity.

In Figure 8 I have shown the manner in which a pair of my pumps may be used as a hydraulic transmission. It would be desirable in such an instance to have the pumpin unit immersed in an oil tank for several reasons, including for instance, cooling. In the illustration shown in Figure 8 the rotor of the pump 50 is driven by the rotor Oil is taken in through the pipe 52 through the pump 58, out the port 53 into the pipe 54 into the port 55 of the driving unit 56, out of the port 51, back into the port 58 to the other side of the rotor, out the port 59 through the pipe 60 to the port BI, and back into the reservoir through the pipe 62, thus using the unit 56 as a motor driven unit to drive the shaft 63. Pipes 64 and 65 may be eliminated and the ports 57 and 58' directly connected if desired.

This is only illustrative of one use of my unit. In this use it will be appreciated that both units may be operated to control the volume of the fluid and naturally the speed of the unit 56.

I claim:

1. In a hydraulic power element, a ball seat, a rotor mounted for rotation on a fixed axis in said ball seat, slots in said rotor, vanes in said slots, a pair of pressure plates mounted on said ball seat, a pressure ring mounted between and connected to said pressure plates and surrounding said rotor and said vanes, a running clearance being provided between the ends of the vanes and the pressure plates and between the periphery of the vanes and the interior surface of the pressure ring, a headpiece, a pivot pivotally connecting said pressure ring and the pressure plates thereto connected to said headpiece, ports in said headpiece, ports in one end of said pressure plates communicating with said headpiece ports, ports in the other end of said pressure plates communicating with the interior of the pressure ring, and means for moving said pressure plates and pressure ring on said pivot and ball seat with respect to the axis of said rotor, whereby the vanes are moved laterally insaid slots to form suction clips on opposing sides of said rotor and to close opposite ports in the respective pressure plates. 8

2. In a hydraulic power element, a ball seat, a rotor mounted for rotation on a fixed axis in said ball seat, slots in said rotor, vanes in said slots, a pair of pressure plates mounted on said ball seat, a pressure ring mounted between and connected to said pressure plates and surrounding said rotor and said vanes, a running clearance being provided between the ends of the vanes and the pressure plates and between the periphery of the vanes and the interior surface of the pressure ring, a headpiece, a pivot pivotally connecting said pressure ring and the pressure plates thereto connected to said headpiece, ports in said headpiece, ports in one end of said pressure plates,

communicating with said headpiece ports, ports in the other end of said pressure plates communicating with the interior of the pressure ring, and means for moving saidpressure plates and pressure ring on said pivot and ball seat with respect to the axis of said rotor, whereby the vanes are moved laterally in said slots to form suction cups on opposing sides of said rotor and to close opposite ports in the respective pressure plates to force oil through said power element in one direction on one side of said rotor and in the opposite direction on the opposing side of said rotor.

3. In a hydraulic power element, a ball seat, a rotor mounted for rotation on a fixed axis in said ball seat, slots in said rotor, vanes in said slots, a pair of pressure plates mounted on said ball seat, a pressure ring mounted between and connected to said pressure plates and surrounding said rotor and said vanes, a running clearance being provided between the ends of the vanes and the pressure plates and between the periphery of the vanes and the interior surface of the pressure ring, a headpiece, a pivot pivotally connecting said pressure ring and the pressure plates thereto connected to said headpiece, ports in said headpiece, ports in one end of said pressure plates communicating with said headpiece ports, ports in the other end of said pressure plates communicating with the interior of the pressure ring, and means for moving said pressure plates and pressure ring on said pivot and ball seat with respect to the axis of said rotor, whereby the vanes are moved laterally in said slots to form suction cups on opposing sides of said rotor and to close opposite ports in the respective pressure plates to force oil through said power element in one direction on one side of said rotor and in the opposite direction on the opposing side of said rotor, and means for reversing the flow of said oil by moving said pressure plates and pressure ring in the opposite direction.

HARRY S. JAKOBSEN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,736,754 Thoma Nov. 19, 1929 1,588,166 Caminez June 8, 1926 1,612,287 Holmes Dec. 28, 1926 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country 1 Date 9,689 Great Britain 1911 426,928 Great Britain Apr. 11, 1935 485,660 Great Britain May 24, 1938 471,125 Germany Feb. 6, 1929 

